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Minneapolis-St. Paul Radio History by
Alex Cosper
see
also American Radio
History and Twin
Cities Radio Airchecks
Minneapolis is an important radio and
record industry center every summer in which the Conclave Convention attracts
industry professionals across the country, much like the Gavin Convention was in
San Francisco for many years.
WCCO has been the most successful radio
station in the Twin Cities throughout the market's history. It all started when
Jim Coles obtained a ham radio license prior to the rise of commercial radio. He
and Tom Dillon put WLAG on the air in 1922, originally at the Minneapolis City
Hall Courthouse. Later in the year the station was purchased by Cutting and
Washington Radio Corporation, which was an early manufacturer of radio
receivers. They raised the power of WLAG from 50 to 500 watts. By the end of the
year eight other stations were on the air.
The Minneapolis - St. Paul
market's early wave of AM radio stations and owners in the early 1920s included
WAAL (Minnesota Tribune Co., & Anderson-Beamish Co.), WBAD (Sterling
Electric Co. & Journal Printing Co.), WBAH (The Dayton Co.), WCAS (William
Hood Dunwoody Institute), WCE (Findley Electric Co.) and WLB (University of
Minnesota). More stations arrived in the next few years including WDGY and WAMD,
which would later become KSTP. WAMD was started by Stanley Hubbard in 1923,
marking the beginning of Hubbard Broadcasting, which would later venture into
television as well.
WLAG became WCCO in 1924 after it was acquired by
Washburn Crosby Co. By the end of the decade the station landed on the 830 dial
position with increased power to 50,000 watts, which was uncommon at that time.
Stations moved around the dial several times, culminating with an FCC
reallocation in the early forties that set the dial as follows: WLB (770), WCCO
(830), WDGY (1130), WTCN (1280), WLOL (1330), KSTP (1500).
In the
fifties and sixties KDWB was the top 40 leader in town. It was owned by
Crowell-Collier, who also owned KEWB in Oakland and KFWB in Los Angeles. Chuck
Blore was named national PD of the chain in 1966. Top 40 was the most popular
format in those days. With the rise of FM in the late sixties and its inevitable
takeover of the audience turning to a multitude of musical formats, the popular
music stations in town became mostly the FMs that played top 40, adult
contemporary or rock.
By the end of the eighties one last musical AM
station in the market, and practically in the nation, could claim to wear the
market crown. That was WCCO, still at 830 AM, playing adult contemporary music
under the ownership of Midwest Broadcasting. Its competitors were sister WLTE
(102.9) and Hubbard's KSTP (94.5). In the early nineties WCCO and WLTE were sold
to CBS Radio, who flipped the WCCO to full service (music and talk) a few years
later, only to still be number one throughout most of the decade.
Several of the market's legendary AM call letters began to appear on the
FM dial in the eighties. Many were the result of sister combos. KDWB (101.3),
owned by Legacy, was a hot CHR station facing strong competition for awhile with
WLOL (99.5), owned by Emmis. KDWB was taken over by Midcontinent in the early
nineties and simulcast on WDGY AM instead of KDWB AM, which flipped to oldies.
WDGY moved from 1130 to 630 AM and became sports station KFAN. Later in the
decade KDWB-FM was picked up by Chancellor Media.
Rock continued to do
well in Minneapolis in the eighties. Cap Cities/ABC's KQRS combo (1440 AM and
92.5 FM) was a solid top three station by the end of the decade, far ahead of
rivals KTCZ (97.1), owned by Parker and KJJO (104.1) owned by Park. Both KTCZ
and KJJO operated at 100,000 watts, as did WLTE-FM while KSTP-FM operated at
95,000 watts.
KJJO flipped to modern rock in the early nineties while
KTCZ flipped to adult alternative. KTCZ, known as "Cities 97," was acquired by
American Media, who sold to Chancellor later in the nineties. KQRS became the
rock leader throughout the nineties, although faced new competition from the rise of alternative radio
before turning to classic rock.
After KJJO flipped to country in 1992,
Entercom took the opportunity to shift rocker KRXX into alternative combo KEGE
(980 AM and 93.7 FM) in February 1994. Known as "The Edge," which was a moniker
that started in Dallas and then spread throughout the country, KEGE became the
highest rated major market alternative station in the country for awhile.
Although alternative rival KREV (105.1), which simulcast on WREV (105.3), owned
by Cargill, barely showed up in the ratings, it won industry acclaim for its
adventurous playlist.
Ironically, everything changed dramatically in
1997. In March KREV dropped the alternative format. Then in the fall KEGE was no
more. What happened was that ABC, which already owned rock combo KQRS AM and FM,
bought KEGE and KREV/WREV. ABC also picked up another signal to create a
"trimulcast" on 105.1, 105.3 and 105.7.
That station became
KXXP/KXXU/KXXR, switching the format to rock until September when it became
KZNR/KZNZ//KZNT, calling itself The Zone and moving back to alternative.
Meanwhile, KEGE also became rock station KXXR while KQRC moved to classic rock.
In July another rocker entered the dial when Chancellor changed WBOB from
country to rock as WRQC (100.3).
KEEY, owned by Shamrock, was a lone
country station that did well in the early nineties then faced competition when
rival WBOB (100.3) appeared in 1994. WBOB was owned by Colfax Communications,
which also owned oldies station KQQL (107.9). In the mid-nineties KEEY, WBOB and
KQQL were all picked up by Chancellor Media. Part of the reason Chancellor
flipped WBOB to rock in April 1997 was that KEEY (102.1) had moved far ahead in
the ratings, climbing to the top three, which was rare for a country station in
Minneapolis.
Following the Telecom Act of 1996, which loosened ownership
limits, Chancellor Media took advantage by owning six stations in the market.
The previous FCC limit had been two AMs and two FMs per owner in a market. Those
six properties were KEEY, KDWB, KQQL, KTCZ, WRQC and KFAN (1130). ABC and CBS
Radio were the other two big players in the market. Only Hubbard and Cargill
managed to hang on as smaller companies. Chancellor inevitably became part of
Clear Channel and CBS Radio merged into Infinity.
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